Globalisation
MCQ,
Class
12th Political Science
Q. 1. Globalization leads to each culture becoming
..................... .
(A) more
different
(B) more
transparent
(C) more distinctive
(D) more different and distinctive
Ans. Option (D) is correct.
(studywithmanish.blogspot.com)
Explanation: Globalization of culture contributes to
the exchange of cultural values of different countries, the convergence of
traditions. For cultural globalization characterized convergence of business
and consumer culture between the different countries of the world and the
growth of international communication.
Q. 2. The main agenda of the World Social Forum is:
(A) opposition to terrorism
(B) opposition to neo- liberal globalization
(C) opposition
to colonialism
(D) opposition to communism.
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: Neo- liberalism is a policy that encloses
both politics and economics and seeks to transfer the control of economic
factors from the public sector to the private sector
Q. 3. Globalization has .........................
dimensions.
(A) political and social
(B) social and economic
(C) political
and economic
(D) political,
social and economic
Ans. Option (D) is correct.
Q. 4. Choose the correct option that has significantly
contributed to the process of ‘Globalization’.
(A) Fear of war
(B) Security threats
(C) Advancement of technology
(D)
Achievements of the United Nations
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Technological advancements reduce costs
of transportation and communication across nations and thereby facilitate
global sourcing of raw materials and other inputs. Patented technology
encourages globalization as the firm owning the patent can exploit foreign
markets without much competition.
Q. 5. Which one of the following is a right cause of
globalization?
(A) The U.S.
people initiated globalization
(B) Technology led to globalization
(C) The Cold War led to globalization
(D) The policy of Non-alignment led to globalization
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: Technology is the vital force in the
modern form of business globalization. Technology has helped us in overcoming
the major hurdles of globalization and international trade such as trade
barrier, lack of common ethical standard, transportation cost and delay in
information exchange, thereby changing the market place.
Q. 6. Which of the following statements is true about
the causes of Globalisation?
(A) Growth of multinational companies with a global
presence in many different economies.
(B) Globalisation is caused by a particular community
of people.
(C)
Globalisation originated in the US.
(D) Economic
interdependence alone causes globalisation.
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
(studywithmanish.blogspot.com)
Explanation: MNC’s play an important role in the
globalisation process. They compete with the local producers directly even
after being miles apart, thus integrating the markets. Their working leads to
exchange of investments and products which leads to interconnection between
diverse countries.
Q. 7. Globalisation has allowed the
..................... of customs, language and products.
(A) restriction
(B) spread (C) devaluing (D) escalation
Ans. Option (B) is correct
Q. 8. India has felt the impact of globalization
through increased prosperity, partly triggered by increasing
trade volumes, investment, and:
(A) weapons (B) growth
(C) hatred (D) terrorism
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: The high growth in GDP is perhaps the
most popularly cited benefit of globalization in India. This increase is
possible through a favourable balance of trade in contemporary times due to
inflows of foreign trade and foreign investment into India.
Q. 9. The wake of globalization was first felt in the
1990s in India when the finance minister, ..................... initiated the
economic liberalization plan.
(A) Dr.
Manmohan Singh (B) V.P. Singh (C) Atal Bihari Vajpayee (D) Rajiv Gandhi
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: The Indian economy was liberalised in the
year 1991. In India, the concept of economic liberalisation was introduced to
attain several objectives – industrialisation, expansion in the role of private
and foreign investment, and introducing a free market system.
Q. 10. Which one of the following is the disadvantage
of globalization?
(A) It creates global opportunities
(B) It paves the way for global market
(C) It fails to generate sufficient employment
(D) None of the above
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Trade liberalization raises the skilled
wage rate and the successful probability of matching, which encourages
unskilled workers to learn skill but increase the number of the skilled workers
after trade liberalization. Therefore, the unemployment rate of skilled workers
may increase after globalization.
Q. 11. How India became an exporter of primary goods
and raw materials and a consumer of finished goods?
(A) Because of its riches in agriculture
(B) During the Mughal period this exports increased
(C) As a consequence of Britain’s imperial ambitions
this exports started
(D) None of the above
Ans. Option (C) is
correct.
Explanation:
Opium, indigo, sugar, and raw cotton were the major commodities exported by
India in 1849. By 1920 exports remained overwhelmingly basic, unfinished commodities:
raw cotton, jute manufactures, raw jute, raw skins and hides, and tea.
Q. 12. Why India decided to deregulate various sectors
including trade and foreign investment?
(A) Because
Indian economy was not in balance
(B) It was a response to a financial crisis and to the
desire for higher rates of economic growth
(C) Because government needed money
(D) All of the above
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: India carried out wide-ranging
deregulation policies in 1991. Significant sectors of the economy were opened
up for private participation through de-licensing and allowing entry to
industries previously reserved exclusively for the state-owned sector
Q.13. What is one of the universal criticism given by
the critics to globalization?
(A) The rich get richer and the poor get poorer.
(B) The economic depression would start in 21st
century.
(C) It would lead the concentration of the global
wealth to one country.
(D) None of the
above
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: According to critics, rich are people who
have a high income in society. Globalization leads to an increase in income
inequality within the globe. This is because the poor do not ripe the benefits
of trade since they have to give up more resources to get less of the rich
resources, based on most terms of trade.
Q. 14. What was the protest at World Trade
Organization Ministerial Meeting, 1999?
(A) The decreasing job opportunities by developed
nations
(B) The threat of pandemic
(C) Unfair trade practices by the economically
powerful states
(D) Deteriorating cultural practices
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Ministers from developing countries
demanded that developed economies such as the US and the EU stop controversial
agricultural subsidies, which hindered globalization. Japan said abusive use of
anti-dumping measures should be regarded as a disguised form of protectionism
that nullifies tariff reductions overnight.
ASSERTION
AND REASON BASED MCQs
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of
Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Mark the correct choice as:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Q. 1.
Assertion: Globalization need not always be positive; it can have negative
consequences for the people.
Reason: Globalization is a multidimensional concept.
It has political, economic and cultural manifestations, and these must be
adequately distinguished.
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: Globalization may have some negative
consequences too. It may not be able to generate sufficient income for all;
illiterate people have less knowledge about globalization. Moreover, it is a
multidimensional concept and we must be acquainted about each of them and
differentiate them accordingly
Q. 2. Assertion: While globalization is not caused by
any single factor, technology remains a critical element.
Reason: The ability of ideas, capital, commodities and
people to move more easily from one part of the world to another has been made
possible largely by technological advances.
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation:
Technological globalization is speeded in large part by technological
diffusion, the spread of technology across borders. In addition, technological
advances in areas like mobile phones can lead to competition, lowered prices,
and concurrent improvements in related areas such as mobile banking and
information sharing.
Q. 3. Assertion: Globalization results in an erosion
of state capacity, that is, the ability of government to do what they do.
Reason:
Globalization also gives freedom to governments to act in an arbitrary manner
as far as the global issues are concerned.
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation:
Globalization restrains governments by inducing increased budgetary pressure.
As a consequence, governments shift their expenditures in favor of transfers
and subsidies and away from capital expenditures. Powerful nations curb the
freedom of decision making of the weaker nations by putting indirect pressures,
such as, withdrawing economic aid or using veto against them.
Q. 4. Assertion: Economic globalization involves many
actors other than the international institutions.
A Reason: What
is often called economic globalization usually involves greater economic flows
among different countries of the world.
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: Economic globalization is the development
of trade systems within transnational actors such as corporations or NGOs;
Financial globalization: can be linked with the rise of a global financial
system with international financial exchanges and monetary exchanges.
Q. 5. Assertion: In 1991, responding to a financial
crisis and to the desire for higher rates of economic growth, India embarked on
a programme of economic reforms that has sought increasingly to de-regulate
various sectors including trade and foreign investment.
Reason: This deregulation opened up the new
opportunities of local as well as foreign trade. Hence, the hope of creating
new employment opportunities.
Ans. Option (A) is
correct.
Explanation: The main purpose of liberalization of
trade and investment in 1991 was to increase the international competitiveness
of industrial production and to motivate foreign investment and technology so
as to reduce the burden of debt. Also, they aimed to promote efficiency of
local industries.
Q. 6. Assertion: The critics argue that contemporary
globalization represents a particular phase of global capitalism that makes the
rich richer (and fewer) and the poor poorer.
Reason:
Weakening of the state leads to a reduction in the capacity of the state to
protect the interest of its poor.
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: Globalization leads to an increase in
income inequality around the globe. This is because globalization encourages
prosperous nations to outsource production to locations which provide either
cheap labour or cheap raw materials or both.
Q. 7. Assertion: There have been left wing protests to
economic liberalization voiced through political parties as well as through
forums like the Indian Social Forum.
Reason: The
left wing believed that globalization would corrupt the politics of India.
Ans. Option (C) is
correct.
Explanation:
The left wing of India criticized globalization mainly on the issue of the
entries of multinational companies and foreign investment. According to them,
this would affect the trade opportunities of the local industries and products.
CASE-BASED
MCQs
I. Study the cartoon carefully and give the answers to
the question that follows:
Q. 1. What is depicted in the picture?
(A) Spread of
nuclear weapons
(B) Spread of various diseases
(C) Attacks by using biological weapons
(D) None of the above
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: Globalization, the flow of information,
goods, capital, and people across political and geographic boundaries, allows
infectious diseases to rapidly spread.
Q. 2. Who
identified the four basic aspects of globalization?
(A) IMF (B) UN
(C) EU (D) World Bank
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: In 2000, the International Monetary Fund
(IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization: trade and transactions,
capital and investment movements, migration and movement of people, and the
dissemination of knowledge.
Q. 3. How did
globalization help in the medical field?
(A) Exports of
medicines increased.
(B) Helped in
finding effective and speedy cure for the diseases with the collaboration of
the medical facilities and knowledge of many countries.
(C) Inviting foreign doctors and creating employment
opportunities in the various countries.
(D) All of the above
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation:
Although, globalization increases the risk of spreading diseases, it also helps
in finding effective and speedy cure for the diseases with the collaboration of
the medical facilities and knowledge of many countries. The best example can be
the invention of Covid-19 vaccine.
Q. 4. Why is Africa featured in the above picture?
(A) Because it is the centre of globalization.
(B) The diseases mentioned in the picture have their
epicentre in Africa.
(C) Because Africa is a poor country.
(D) Because world aims at developing Africa.
Ans. Option (B) is
correct.
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